聊城市召开全市地方立法工作联席会议 将对大气污...
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| ??? | Virginia Eliza Clemm Poe |
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| ?? | Westminster Hall and Burying Ground |
??? ?? ?(??: Edgar Allan Poe, 1809? 1? 19? ~ 1849? 10? 7?)? ??? ??·??·???·???????. ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????. ???? ? ???? ???? ?? ????, ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??. ??, ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????.[1] ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ? ?? ??? ??????, ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???.[2]
????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????. ???? 1810? ??? ??? ?? ???, ??? ???? ????? ??? ???. ?? ????? ????? ??, ? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????. ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????, ?? ???? ? ??? ??? ?? ???. ??? ? ?? ?? ? ? ??? ??? ? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ?????, ?? ??? ? ??? ??? ????. ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? 1827? ??? ????. ??? ?? ??? ???? 1827? ‘??? ??(Bostonian)’??? ???? 《???? ? ??》? ????. 1829? ???? ??? ???? ?? ? ??? ????? ??? ??. ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ????.
?? ?????? ???? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ????? ? ?????? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???. ?? ??? ?? ????·?????·?? ? ??? ????. 1835? ?????? 13??? ?? ???? ??? ????. 1845? ?? ?? 《?????》? ??? ???? ??? ????. ???, 2? ? ?? ????? ????? ???. ? ? ? ? ?? ?? 《?》??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????(?? ??? 《?????》? ??), ??? ???? ??? ?? ????. 1849? 10? 7?, ?? 40???. ?? ?????? ????, ? ??? ?????. ???·????·???·??·???·???·??·??? ? ??? ??? ???? ??.[3]
??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ??? ????, ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???. ?? ???? ??? ??·??·??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ? ???, ?? ?? ? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??. ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????.
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1809? 1? 19? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ? ???? ?? ??? ????. ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???.[5] ?? ???? ? ???? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? ???????, 1750? ?? ???? ????.[6] ????? ??? ??? ?????? 《?? ?》 ?????? ??? ??? ???. ? ??? 1809? ? ??? ???? ????.[7] ???? ?? 1810? ??? ??? ???,[8] ????? ?? 1? ? ????? ???. ?? ????? ????? ??, ? ??? ??? ??. ? ??? ?????? ????, ??·??·?·??·??? ????? ?? ??? ???, ??? ?????.[9] ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???,[10] ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? “??? ?? ?”? ??.[11]
?? ??? ?? 1812? ??? ??? ???. ? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ? ?? ???? ??????.[11] ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ? ?? 1815? ???? ??. ?? ? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? 1816? ??? ???? ????. ?? ?? ?? ???? 1817??? ????? ???. ? ? ?? ???? 4 ??(6.4 ????) ??? ??????? ? ???? ??? ????? ????.[12]
?? 1820? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????. 1824? ???? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??.[13] 1825? 3?, ? ??? ????[14] ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???, ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ????. ??? 75? ????. 1825? ??, ??? 2??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ? ??? ?????? ???.[15]
?? 1826? 2? ???? ???? ???? ?? ? ?? ??? ????. ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????.[16][17] ??? ? ?? ? ? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???. ??·??·??·??·??? ?? ??? ??????, ?? ???? ?? ????. ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??, ?? ??? ????? ????? ??. ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????, ?? ???? ???.[18] ?? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ????, ?? ? ??? ?????? ??? ?????. ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???·???·??? ??? ?? ? ? ??? ??. ??? ??? ?? ?? ? ?????? ?? ?? ? ????.[19] ?? 1? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? 1827? 4????. ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????.[20] ? ???? ?? ? ??(Henri Le Rennet)?? ??? ???? ????.[21]
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?? ? ?? ??? ?? 1827? 5? ?? ??? ???? ????. "??? A. ??(Edgar A. Perry)"?? ?? ??? ???, ???? 18???? 22??? ??? ???.[22] ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????, ?? 5??? ???? ???.[20] ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? 40??? ?? 《???? ? ??》? ‘??? ??(Bostonian)’??? ???? ????. ??? ? 50?? ??????, ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???.[23] ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????, 1827? 11? 8? ???? ?? ?(Waltham)? ?? ????? ?? ??. ?? ?? ??? ???? ???(artificer)?? ???? ??? ? ?? ???.[24] 2?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ????(Sergeant Major for Artillery)?? ????, 5?? ??? ?? ????? ?????. ?? ?? ??? ??? ???(Howard) ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???. ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??. ??? ??? ?? ????, ???? ? ?? ?? ??? ? ???. ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???. ???? ??? 1829? 2? 28? ????, ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ???. ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??.[25]
??? ?? 1829? 4? 15? ?????? ?? ?? ????.[26] ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????, ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ??(Maria Clemm)·?? ??? ???? ?? ??·?? ??·??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?(Elizabeth Cairnes Poe) ? ????? ?? ???.[27] ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ? 《? ????, ???? ? ??》(Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and Minor Poems)? 1829? ?????? ????.[28]
??????? ? ?? 1830? 7? 1? ????? ???.[29] 1830? 10?, ? ??? ??? ???(Louisa Patterson)??? ??? ????.[30] ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???, ?? ??? ?? ?????.[31] ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??. ???? 1831? 2? 8? ?? ?? ? ??·??·?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???, ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???.[32]
?????? ??? ?? 1831? 2? ???? ?? 3??? ??? ????. ? ??? ?? 《??》(Poems)???. ?????? ?? ???? 75??? ??? ?? ? 170??? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???. ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ? ??.[33] ??? ?? ???(Elam Bliss)? ??? ?2??? “??? ?? ?????”?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????. ????? ?? ? 〈????〉? 〈? ????〉? ??????, 〈????〉·〈????〉·〈?? ? ??〉? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ? 6?? ?????.[34] ?? 1831? 3? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???. ? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? 1831? 8? 1?? ???.[35]
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[??]?? ?? ? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??. ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????.[36] ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ?? ??? ??????,[2][37] ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????.[38] ????? ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??.[37] 1837? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ? ????.[39] ? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???, ??? ? ? ???? ??? ??????,[40] ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?????.[41] ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???????.[42]
??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???. ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ? ?? ????, ??? ??? 《???》? ?? ????. 1833? 10? ?? ???? 《???? ???? ???》? ???? ?? ?? 〈? ??? ??? ??〉? ???? ????.[43] ? ??? ????? ??? ? ??? ???? ??? ???. ???? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ? ??? ????, ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? 《?? ???? ???》 ?? ??? W. ???(Thomas W. White)?? ??? ???. ?? 1835? ??? ???? ????,[44] ?? ??? ?? ? ? ?? ?????.[45] ????? ??? ?? 1835? 9? 22? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????. ??? 26??? ??? 13????, ??????? 21??? ???? ????.[46] ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????. ?? 1837? 1??? 《???》 ??? ????, ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? 700??? 3,500?? ????? ????.[5] ?? ? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?·??·??·?? ??? ????. 1836? 5? 16?, ?? ?????? ????? ? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???.[47]
1838? 《???? ?? ?? ?? ???》? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???.[48] 1839? ???? 《??? ???? ???》? ???? ???. ?? ? ? ?? ?? ??·?? ??·??? ????? 《???》 ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??. 1839??? 2??? ?? ??? 《??????? ?????? ????》? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????.[49] ?? ? 1? ? 《???》 ?? ?? 《????? ???》 ????? ????.[50]
1840? 6?, ?? ?? ??? ??? 《?????》? ?????? ???? ????.[51] ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? 《?》(The Penn)????, ?????? ??? ?? ??? ? ?????. ?? ?????? ??? 《???? ??? ???》 1840? 6? 6? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????. “??? A. ?? ????? ??? ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ‘? ???’? ???.”[52] ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ??? ???? ???. ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ? ?? ????? ?????.[53] ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???(Frederick Thomas)? ??????,[54] ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??.[55] ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ???? ????? ? ?? ??(1842? 9?)? ??? ???. ?? ??? ???? ???, ???? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ????.[56] ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????.[57]
1842? 1?? ?? ? ??, ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????. ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ?????? ?????.[58] ????? ???? ???. ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????. ?? 《????》 ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ????? ??. ???? ??? ?? 《??? ??》 ??? ?? ???? 《????? ??》? ??? ???, ???? ?????? ???.[59] ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???, ?? ?? ??? ?????.[60] 1845? 1? 29?, 《??? ??》? ? 〈?????〉? ??, ??? ??? ???. ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????,[61] ? ??? ?? ??? ?? 9????.[62] 〈?????〉? ???? ??? ?? 《???? ??: ? ?? ??》? ‘??(Quarles)’?? ???? ?? ?????.[63]
1846? 《????? ??》? ????.[59] ?? ?? ? ???(???? ???? ? ??? ?)? ? ????? ????. ? ?? ??? "?? ???"?? ??? ???, ??????? ????? ?(Kingsbridge Road) ??? ??? ??? ??. ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??(???? ??? ???)? ???? ????? ?????.[64] 1847? 1? 30?, ????? ? ??? ???.[65] ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? “???? ??? ??”??? ??? ???? ??? ???, ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ? ??? ? ?? ??? ???? ??.[66]
??? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ??????. ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????. ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ???. ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????, ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????.[67] ??? ?? ????? ????, ??? ? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???.[68]
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1849? 10? 3?, ?? ???? ????? ????? ? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? W. ??(Joseph W. Walker)?? ????. ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????, ???? ??? ??? ???.[69] ?? ??? ?????? ????, 1849? 10? 7? ??? ?? 5? ??? ????. ?? 40?.[70] ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???. ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????, ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????.[71] ?? ?? ?? ? “????(Reynolds)”?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????, ??? ??? ??? ???? ? ? ??. ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? “?? ? ??? ??? ????(Lord help my poor soul)”??.[70]
?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????, ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???????.[72] ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??.[73] ????·???·??·??·???[3]·???[74]·???[75] ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??. ????? ?? ???? "??(cooping)"??? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??. ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????, ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???. ?? ??? ????? ??? 1872??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????.[76]
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[??]?? ??? ??? ?, ????(Ludwig)?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? 《?? ???》 ?? ????. ? ? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????. "??? ?? ? ??. ?? ? ?????? ???. ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???."[77] ???? ??? ??? ? ??? ??? ?????? ????. ????? ?? ????? ?????? 1842??? ??? ??? ?? ???, ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ? ??? ??? ????? ???.[78]
1850? ?????? ?? ???? ????? 〈??? ????〉(Memoir of the Author) ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ????. ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????, ?? ? ???? ? ????? ?? ??? ???.[78] ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????. ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??.[79] ?? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????,[80] ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???. ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???, ?? ???? ???? "???" ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??.[81] ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? "??"?? ??? ??? ???? ????.[82]
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[??]?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????,[83] ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???.[84] ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??·??? ???? ??·???? ?? ??·??? ??·?? ?? ? ??? ?? ????.[85] ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ????.[86] ?? ????? ???? ????.[87] ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? "????????(Frog-Pondians)"?? ????,[88][89] ???? ???? “???? ?? ???(obscurity for obscurity's sake)”, “????? ?? ????(mysticism for mysticism's sake)”? ?? ??[87] “???? ???? ?? ?(metaphor—run mad)”??? ????.[90] ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??.[91]
?? ???? ?????, ? ?? ??·??·?? ?? ?? ??? ??. ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????, ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????.[84] ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? 〈???????〉?[92] ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????.[93] ? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? 〈??? ???〉 ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? SF? ? ?? ????? ? ? ??.[94]
?? ? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ? ??? ?? ??.[95] ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????[96] ??? ??,[97] ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??.
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[??]?? ??? ? ??? ????? ????. ?? ??? ???? 〈?? ??〉 ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??.[98] ?? ?????[99] ????? ??????,[100] ??? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????. ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???.[101] ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????,[98] ??? ? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????.[102]
〈?????〉? ? ??? ??? ??? 〈?? ???〉?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????. ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??. ??? ??? ???? “?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ? ???? ??? ??? ???. ???? ? ???? ?? ? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???”?? ??.[103] ???? ??? ?? ???(Joseph Wood Krutch)? 〈?? ???〉? “??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??”?? ????.[104]
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??? ?? ????? ?????? ????. ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? "?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???"?? ????, ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????.[105] ?? ??? ?? ??? "???? ?(tomahawk man)"??? ??? ???.[106] ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????. ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? "??? ??"???? ??? ??. ?? ???? '????? ?? ???'? ???, ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????.[107] ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? "??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????, ??? ??? ??? ???."?? ??? ???.[108]
?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????, ???? ???? 19?? ??? ?? ?? ? ? ????.[109] ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???. ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ? ???? ??? ???.[110] ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? "?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??."? ?? ?????.
???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ? ??? ????. ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? “?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????”?? ????.[111] ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ? ??? "??? ?"??? ?? ?? ???? ??.[112] ?? ?? SF?? ??? ???. ? ??? ?? ??? ???? 《???? ?? ?? ?? ???》? ????? ???? 《??? ????》, ?? 《??? ????》? ??? ??.[113] ??? ?? ??? 《?? ?? ?》? ?? “? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ? ?? ?? ????.”?? ???.[114]
?? ??? ??? ?????, ?? ??? ?? ????? ????.[115] ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????, ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ? ?????. ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??(Lizzie Doten)??, ??? 1863? 《?? ??? ??? ??》(Poems from the Inner Life)??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????. ??? ??? ?? 〈?〉 ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ?? ???.[116]
??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???. ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??.[109] ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? “???(vulgar)”??? ??.[117] ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? 〈?????〉? ??? “?? ??? ???? ???? ????.”?? ????? ?????,[118] ?? “???(the jingle man)”?? ??? ???.[119] ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????, ?? ? ??? ?? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ???.[120]
?????? ?? ? ?? ? 《???? ? ??》? ? 50?? ??????, ? ? ????? ??? ?? 12? ??? ????. 2009? 12? ?? ????? ??? ?? ? ?? ???? 662,500??? ?????. ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???????.[121]
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[??]1848?? ? ??? 《???: ???》?? ??????? ??? 80? ? ?? ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???,[122][123] ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??.[124][125]
?? 《???》?? ??? ???? ???, ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??.[126] ??? ?? 《???》? ?????? ???? ???? ???.[126] ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????,[127] ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????.[128] ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???, ?? ????? 《???》? ??? ??? ?? ? ??. ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??.[129]
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[??]?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???. ?? ????? ?? 《????? ??? (?????) ???》? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??.[130] 1841? 7?, ?? 《????? ???》? 〈????? ?? ? ?? ?〉("A Few Words on Secret Writing")??? ???? ????. ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? 〈???〉? ??.[131] ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ? ? ???(??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??). ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ? ? ??. ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ? ?? ???, ?? ? ?? ? ????.[130] ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ? ?????.[132]
?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????. ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???.[133] ????? ??? ? 〈???〉? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????, ??? ??? ?2? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? 97? ?????? ???? ? ??? ????.[134]
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?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??. ?? ?? ?? “???? ??” ?? “???? ???” ??? ??? ????, ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??.[135] ? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????, ? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??.[136] ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???, ???? ??? ?? ?? 《?? ???》 ?? ??.[137] ??? ?????? ?? ???(Nolwenn Leroy) ? 2017? ??? ?? Gemme? ??? ?? ? "A Dream"? "The Lake"? ?? ???? ????.[138]
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[??]?? ??? ? ?? ?? ? ???? ???? ?? ??. ?? ???? ????? ? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??. ?? ??? ? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????, ?? ??? ?? ? ????? ???? ??. ??? ?? ????? ? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ??. ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ? ?? ??. ?? 1826? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????. ???? ???? ????? ???? ??.[139]
???? ????, ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???, ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ? ????? ?? ???. ?? 23? ? ? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????(???? ????? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ???).[140] ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? ???? ???? ??. ?? ???? ??? ??? ? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ? ? ???. ?? 1843??? 1844? ??? ??? ?????(Spring Garden) ?? ?? ??? ?? ? ?????? ???? ???? ??.[141] ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???.[65]
?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ? ?? ??? ???? ?(Boylston Street)? ????? ????.[4][142][143][144] ?? ??? ?? ?(Carver Street) 62?? ?? ?? ???? ???, ?? ??? "?? ?? ?(Charles Street South)"? ?????.[145][146] ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????,[147] ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???. ???? 2009? ?? ?? ???? ???? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? "??? ?? ? ??(Edgar Allan Poe Square)?? ?????.[148] 2014? 3??? ? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ??(Stefanie Rocknak)? ??? ???? ???? ????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???, ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??.[149][150][151][152] ??? ???? 2014? 10? 5?? ??????, ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????.[153]
? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ? ?? ??. ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????. ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? 〈?????〉? ??? ??? ?? ??. ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??. ? ??? ?? ??? "The Horse You Came In On"??, "???"?? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??.[154]
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?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???, 1949? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? "?? ???(Poe Toaster)"?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??. ??? ?? 80? ??? ??? ??? ?? "?? ???"? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???. ?? ??? ?? 1? 19? ??, ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????.[155]
2007? 8? 15?, ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ? ????(Sam Porpora)? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???. ????? 1949?? "?? ??"? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ?? ?? ?????? ???. ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????,[156] ?? ?? ? ?? ????? ????? ?????.[157] ?? ???? ?? ?? 200??? 2009? 1? 19??? ???? ????.[158] ??? ???? 2010? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???.[159] 1976? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??(Jeff Jerome)? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????, 2009? ? ?? 200??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???.[160] ? ?? ?? ???? ? ?? ???? ???, ?? ???? "?? ??"? 75??? ???? ???? ??.[161] ?? ??????, ???? ??? ? ? ?? ?? ??? ? ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ? ? ??.
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- 〈M. ???? ??? ??〉("The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar")
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- 〈???? ??〉("The Imp of the Perverse")
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- 〈???? ???〉("The Masque of the Red Death")
- 〈???〉("Morella")
- 〈??? ?? ?? ??〉("The Murders in the Rue Morgue")
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- 〈??? ??〉("The Premature Burial")
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[??]- ↑ Stableford 2003, 18–19?
- ↑ ? ? Meyers 1992, 138?
- ↑ ? ? Meyers 1992, 256?
- ↑ ? ? “Poe & Boston: 2009”. 《The Raven Returns: Edgar Allan Poe Bicentennial Celebration》. The Trustees of Boston College. 2013? 7? 30?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2012? 5? 26?? ???.
- ↑ ? ? Allen 1927
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 13?
- ↑ Nelson 1981, 65?
- ↑ Canada 1997
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 8?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 61?
- ↑ ? ? Meyers 1992, 9?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 16–18?
- ↑ PoeMuseum.org 2006
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 20?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 27–28?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 29–30?
- ↑ University of Virginia. A Catalogue of the Officers and Students of the University of Virginia. Second Session, Commencing February 1st, 1826. Charlottesville, VA: Chronicle Steam Book Printing House, 1880, p. 10
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 21–22?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 32–34?
- ↑ ? ? Meyers 1992, 32?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 41?
- ↑ Cornelius 2002, 13?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 33–34?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 35?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 43–47?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 38?
- ↑ Cornelius 2002, 13–14?
- ↑ Sova 2001, 5?
- ↑ Krutch 1926, 32?
- ↑ Cornelius 2002, 14?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 54–55?
- ↑ Hecker 2005, 49–51?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 50–51?
- ↑ Hecker 2005, 53–54?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 187–188?
- ↑ Whalen 2001, 64?
- ↑ ? ? Quinn 1998, 305?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 247?
- ↑ Whalen 2001, 74?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 99?
- ↑ Whalen 2001, 82?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 139?
- ↑ Sova 2001, 162?
- ↑ Sova 2001, 225?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 73?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 85?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 124?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 137?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 113?
- ↑ Sova 2001, 39, 99?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 119?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 159?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 321–322?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 144?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 186?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 187?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 188?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 179?
- ↑ ? ? Sova 2001, 34?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 455?
- ↑ Hoffman 1998, 80?
- ↑ Ostram 1987, 5?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 530?
- ↑ Schroth, Raymond A. Fordham: A History and Memoir. New York: Fordham University Press, 2008: 22–25.
- ↑ ? ? BronxHistoricalSociety.org 2007
- ↑ Weekes 2002, 149?
- ↑ Benton 1987, 19?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 628?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 638?
- ↑ ? ? Meyers 1992, 255?
- ↑ Bramsback 1970, 40?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 435–436?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 435?
- ↑ CrimeLibrary.com 2008
- ↑ Benitez 1996
- ↑ Walsh 2000, 32–33?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 259? To read Griswold's full obituary, see Edgar Allan Poe obituary at Wikisource.
- ↑ ? ? Hoffman 1998, 14?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 693?
- ↑ Sova 2001, 101?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 263?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 699?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 64?
- ↑ ? ? Royot 2002, 57?
- ↑ Kennedy 1987, 3?
- ↑ Koster 2002, 336?
- ↑ ? ? Ljunquist 2002, 15?
- ↑ Royot 2002, 61–62?
- ↑ “(Introduction)”. 《The Raven in the Frog Pond: Edgar Allan Poe and the City of Boston》. The Trustees of Boston College. 2009? 12? 17?. 2017? 2? 3?? ?? ?? (Exhibition at Boston Public Library)?? ??? ??. 2012? 5? 26?? ???.
- ↑ Hayes 2002, 16?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 169?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 88?
- ↑ Fisher 1993, 142, 149?
- ↑ Tresch 2002, 114?
- ↑ Whalen 2001, 67?
- ↑ Hungerford 1930, 209–231?
- ↑ Grayson 2005, 56–77?
- ↑ ? ? Krutch 1926, 225?
- ↑ Kagle 1990, 104?
- ↑ Poe 1847, 252–256?
- ↑ Wilbur 1967, 99?
- ↑ Jannaccone 1974, 3?
- ↑ Hoffman 1998, 76?
- ↑ Krutch 1926, 98?
- ↑ Quinn 1998, 432?
- ↑ Zimmerman, Brett (2005). 《Edgar Allan Poe: Rhetoric and Style》. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. 85–87?. ISBN 0-7735-2899-7.
- ↑ Lewis, Paul (2011? 3? 6?). “Quoth the detective: Edgar Allan Poe's case against the Boston literati”. 《boston.com》 (Globe Newspaper Company). 2013? 4? 9?? ???.
- ↑ “Longfellow's Serenity and Poe's Prediction” (Exhibition at Boston Public Library and Massachusetts Historical Society). 《Forgotten Chapters of Boston's Literary History》. The Trustees of Boston College. 2012? 7? 30?. 2012? 5? 22?? ???.
- ↑ ? ? Meyers 1992, 258?
- ↑ Harner 1990, 218?
- ↑ Frank & Magistrale 1997, 103?
- ↑ Neimeyer 2002, 206?
- ↑ Frank & Magistrale 1997, 364?
- ↑ Frank & Magistrale 1997, 372?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 281?
- ↑ Carlson 1996, 476?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 274?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 265?
- ↑ New York Times 1894
- ↑ Huxley 1967, 32?
- ↑ New York Daily News 2009
- ↑ Cappi 1994
- ↑ Rombeck 2005
- ↑ Harrison 1987
- ↑ Smoot & Davidson 1994
- ↑ ? ? Meyers 1992, 214?
- ↑ Silverman 1991, 399?
- ↑ Meyers 1992, 219?
- ↑ Sova 2001, 82?
- ↑ ? ? Silverman 1991, 152?
- ↑ Rosenheim 1997, 2, 6?
- ↑ Friedman 1993, 40–41?
- ↑ Rosenheim 1997, 15?
- ↑ Rosenheim 1997, 146?
- ↑ Neimeyer 2002, 209?
- ↑ Gargano 1967, 165?
- ↑ Maslin 2006
- ↑ “Nolwenn Leroy - Gemme”.
- ↑ The Raven Society 2014
- ↑ Edgar Allan Poe Society 2007
- ↑ Burns 2006
- ↑ “Edgar Allan Poe Birth Place”. 《Massachusetts Historical Markers on Waymarking.com》. Groundspeak, Inc. 2012? 5? 11?? ???.
- ↑ Van Hoy 2007
- ↑ Glenn 2007 harvnb ??: ?? ?? (2×): CITEREFGlenn2007 (???)
- ↑ “An Interactive Map of Literary Boston: 1794–1862” (Exhibition). 《Forgotten Chapters of Boston's Literary History》. The Trustees of Boston College. 2012? 7? 30?. 2012? 5? 22?? ???.
- ↑ Glenn, Joshua (2007? 4? 9?). “The house of Poe – mystery solved!”. 《boston.com》 (The Boston Globe). 2012? 5? 22?? ???.
- ↑ “Edgar Allan Poe Square”. 《The City Record, and Boston News-letter》. 2011? 5? 11?? ???.
- ↑ “Edgar Allan Poe Square”. 《Massachusetts Historical Markers on Waymarking.com》. Groundspeak, Inc. 2012? 5? 11?? ???.
- ↑ “[homepage]”. 《Edgar Allan Poe Foundation of Boston》. Edgar Allan Poe Foundation of Boston, Inc. 2013? 5? 3?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2013? 4? 9?? ???.
- ↑ Fox, Jeremy C. (2013? 2? 1?). “Vision for an Edgar Allan Poe memorial in Boston comes closer to reality”. 《boston.com (Boston Globe)》. 2013? 4? 9?? ???.
- ↑ Kaiser, Johanna (2012? 4? 23?). “Boston chooses life-size Edgar Allan Poe statue to commemorate writer's ties to city”. 《boston.com (Boston Globe)》. 2013? 4? 9?? ???.
- ↑ “About the project”. 《Edgar Allan Poe Square Public Art Project》. Edgar Allan Poe Foundation of Boston, Inc. 2013? 4? 9?? ???.
- ↑ Lee, M.G. (2014? 10? 5?). “Edgar Allan Poe immortalized in the city he loathed”. 《Boston Globe》. 2015? 7? 2?? ???.
- ↑ Lake 2006, 195?
- ↑ “Edgar Allan Poe in Baltimore - Museum and Story of the Toaster”. MysteryNet.com. 2009? 1? 24?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2009? 1? 19?? ???.
- ↑ Hall 2007
- ↑ Associated Press 2007
- ↑ “Mysterious Poe 'toaster' returns to writer's grave”. Baltimore Sun. 2013? 1? 2?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2009? 1? 19?? ???.
- ↑ “Mysterious Poe toaster fails to arrive for birthday tradition”. 《The Baltimore Sun》 (Tribune Company). Associated Press. 2010? 1? 19?. 2012? 7? 20?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2010? 1? 19?? ???.
- ↑ “Poe Toaster tribute is 'nevermore'”. 《The Baltimore Sun》 (Tribune Company). 2010? 1? 19?. 2012? 1? 20?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2012? 1? 19?? ???.
- ↑ “Poe Fans Call An End To 'Toaster' Tradition”. 2012? 1? 24?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2016? 1? 31?? ???.
?? ??
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- Edgar Allan Poe National Historic Site
- Edgar Allan Poe Society in Baltimore
- Poe Museum in Richmond, Virginia ??? 2025-08-06 - ??? ??
- Edgar Allan Poe's Personal Correspondence ??? 2025-08-06 - ??? ?? Shapell Manuscript Foundation
- Edgar Allan Poe's Collection ??? 2025-08-06 - ??? ?? at the Harry Ransom Center at The University of Texas at Austin
- 'Funeral' honours Edgar Allan Poe BBC News (with video) 2025-08-06
- Selected Stories from American Studies at the University of Virginia
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